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Roth’s American Pastoral

In Philip Roth’s wrenching novel American Pastoral, legendary athlete and successful businessman Swede Levov learns his daughter has turned into a fanatic. Levov finally finds his beloved Merry living in a rat hole, having joined a weird sect, being accused of bombing a post office. He tries to make sense of it all, turning over events of her childhood in his head.

“If you have contact with your child steadily over time, then the stuff that is off – the mistakes in judgement that are made on both sides – is somehow, through that steady, patient contact, made better and better, until at last, inch by inch, day by day and inch by inch, there is remediation, there are the ordinary satisfactions of parental patience rewarded, of things working out… But this. Where was the remediation for this?”

Roth uses the repetition of “inch by inch” to communicate just how patient parents must be for childhood to work out. This is a painful scene in which Roth spares no detail, describing the stench of Merry herself, the rags she wears, and her squalid room. In this long chapter, the father tries to make sense of the baby in the bassinet and the wild animal she has become — but never really does. Sad as this aspect was, I was propelled through the book by the force of Roth’s writing and remember American Pastoral years after reading it. Have you?

Pollan’s Earth Day Advice

Today being Earth Day, here is a sentence on how we can help combat climate change. In food writer Michael Pollan’s essay Why Bother?, he makes the case that taking small steps to live green really matters. Pollan recommends planting a garden, adding that during WWII Victory Gardens grew 40% of the produce Americans ate.

“At least in this one corner of your yard and life, you will have begun to heal the split between what you think and what you do, to commingle your identities as consumer and producer and citizen.”

His sentence captures the enormity of the problem, pointing out this will only help in one corner rather than solve the entire, overwhelming problem. I feel the split he describes when I buy a product for my family that comes with unnecessary packaging which can’t be recycled, or when I use more gas to drive out of my own town to buy florescent light bulbs. Central Oregon is a challenging climate for gardening but this year we’re trying vegetables beyond tomatoes, perhaps zucchini. More writing on Earth Day can be found in New York Times Magazine The Green Issue.

Cather’s O Pioneers! and the "Old Story"

“And now the old story has begun to write itself over there. Isn’t it queer: there are only two or three human stories, and they go on repeating themselves as fiercely as if they had never happened before; like the larks in this country, that have been singing the same five notes over for thousands of years.”

Earlier this month, I blogged on Willa Cather’s novel O Pioneers! about the immigrant farming experience. How interesting to continue reading along and come to a sentence similar to one in another past blog, John Steinbeck’s epic book East of Eden. Steinbeck writes there is only one story — the fight between good and evil. Cather’s “old story” is that farming families stay on their land repeating traditions and continuing the struggle for survival, generation after generation. I’d like to hope we learn from past evil and past struggles rather than going through life like Sisyphus, forever destined to roll a huge boulder up a hill only to watch it fall down again. Tell me Steinbeck and Cather are “wrong!”

Weekend Words: Economic Impact of the Arts

“The arts deepen our understanding of the human spirit, extend our capacity to comprehend the lives of others, allow us to imagine a more just and humane world. Through their diversity of feeling, their variety of form, their multiplicity of inspiration, the arts make our culture richer and more reflective.”

Jonathan Fanton
President, MacArthur Foundation

This quote is from a brochure on Americans for the Arts Arts & Economic Prosperity III study which shows the financial benefit of arts and culture in our communities. Fanton is talking about a wide range of arts from dance and school programs, to public art and theatre. I have certainly experienced his sentiment while reading books; I can understand people living in past times in history, in various countries, who have made different choices in their lives. It is this understanding of others that will allow us a more peaceful and, as Fanton says, humane world.

Summer is coming !

Sumer is icumen in,
Lhude sing cuccu;
Groweth sed and bloweth med
And springth the wde nu.
Sing cuccu!

I like to read Middle English aloud; it’s easier to understand. These anonymous lyrics written in 1240 say “loudly sing cuckoo” and that the seeds, meadow and woods spring forth now. Except for the juniper trees which my nose could do without, it’s a fresh sign to see our woods blooming and to wonder when we’ll see the first fawns.

Tan’s The Moon Lady

“The sad lute music began again. And now I saw the poor lady standing against the bright moon. Her hair was so long it swept the floor, wiping up her tears. An eternity had passed, for this was her fate: to stay lost on the moon, forever regretting her own selfish wishes.”

Did you know Amy Tan, renowned author of novels including The Hundred Secret Senses and The Kitchen God’s Wife, also writes children’s books? Tan’s book, with colorful illustrations by Gretchen Schields, is adapted from The Joy Luck Club. One rainy day, a grandmother tells her three American granddaughters a story about the Moon Festival in China and how wishes are fulfilled. What a sad image to paint — this lady forever wiping her tears with her long hair! The Moon Lady is a haunting tale for children six years and up.

Obama "clinging" to his words

How gratifying to wake up and find someone at the New York Times finds Barack Obama’s choice of the word “cling” as telling as I do (see yesterday’s post). Dan Schnur writes an opinion titled Right Fight, Wrong Word in which he says that although political pundits, not to mention the Clinton campaign, have made much of Obama’s use of the word “bitter,” that “cling” is the real problem.

Since this is a blog about language, what I find interesting is how revealing a word choice can be. We have millions of words to choose from in our daily speech and while some have similar definitions, the connotation often tells us more. Connotation is the suggestion of meaning beyond the thing a word explicitly describes. I think we usually experience the hidden meaning in people’s speech in a subconscious way, leaving us with an impression of a person. Here, in Obama’s infamous sentence, his meaning isn’t very hidden at all.

Obama and Marx: Similar sentences?

“It’s not surprising then that they get bitter, they cling to guns or religion or antipathy to people who aren’t like them or anti-immigrant sentiment or anti-trade sentiment as a way to explain their frustrations.”

How could I ignore this now infamous sentence spoken by Barack Obama and the controversy swirling around it over the past ten days? William Kristol has a brilliant op-ed The Mask Slips in the New York Times in which he likens Obama’s comment about small-town Americans to other famous words spoken by Karl Marx about religion: “It is the opium of the people.”

I’ll leave the political analysis to others and focus on the language. If Obama had wanted small-town Americans to sound dumb and irrational, he couldn’t have used a better word than “cling.” Webster’s defines it: “to have a strong emotional attachment or dependence.” So those small town folks act on emotional rather than making logical decisions like the rest of us educated city people – right? And those folks in podunk places are so swept away by emotion they can’t even focus on their real frustrations? Obama’s choice of words is patronizing. However, rather than making a conscious choice, I think he let his true feelings of disdain show all too well in that sentence.

Beatles’ Lyrics

“Lovely Rita meter maid. May I inquire discreetly, when are you free to take some tea with me?”

I have recently rediscovered The Beatles thanks to my almost-five year olds. We wanted to play some music they would like which wasn’t “kids” music. Unlike many bands today, these Brits could really write. Lovely Rita is a charming song even if it was the result of Paul McCartney’s parking ticket. Repeating the vowel sounds (discreetly, free, tea, me) adds to its appeal. The lyrics are also charming in the Beatles song When I’m Sixty-Four. Although it’s about aging, it was one of the first songs McCartney wrote and he composed it when he was only sixteen. What song writers do you admire?

Weekend Words: Spread Bookjoy

Writer Pat Mora wants to spread the word… or words. Mora is a champion for Bookjoy which encourages family literacy in all cultures. There are celebrations in schools and libraries across the nation on April 30th. This weekend, Mora is speaking in Portland, Oregon. She has lots of ideas to involve the whole family in daily reading. Spread the joy!